Averroes+(Ibn+Rushd)+and+the+Averroists

Averroes (1126-1198) was one of the foremost spiritual and philosophical influences on secular thought in Europe (he was born in Cordoba, Al-Andalus, Spain). He is most notable for his philosophy wherein he tried to reconcile faith and reason. He espoused the following core beliefs:
 * there is one truth, but there are (at least) two ways to reach it: through philosophy and through religion;
 * the world is eternal;
 * the soul is divided into two parts: one individual, and one divine;
 * the individual soul is //not// eternal;
 * all humans at the basic level share one and the same intellect (a form of //monopsychism//)
 * resurrection of the dead is not possible (this was put forth by Boëtius);

His teachings were twice condemned by the Catholic Church, in 1270 and 1277. The works of Thomas Aquinas specifically refute several of his philosophies.